About this election
The 2023 Argentine presidential election was the most disruptive in decades, ending in victory for the radical libertarian outsider Javier Milei, whose movement La Libertad Avanza had not existed at the previous presidential election. In a run-off held against the backdrop of triple-digit inflation, Milei defeated the Peronist economy minister Sergio Massa, breaking the long duopoly of Peronism and the Macri-era centre-right and bringing a self-described "anarcho-capitalist" to the presidency.
The president is elected under Argentina's two-round rule — more than 45%, or more than 40% with a ten-point lead, to win outright, otherwise a run-off between the top two. The compulsory PASO primaries in August 2023 had stunned the political class by putting Milei in first place nationally, confirming that the contest was now a three-way race between the libertarians, Peronism and the traditional centre-right.
With inflation above 140% and poverty rising, the campaign was a referendum on the economic order. Milei, a television economist, promised to "blow up" the political "caste", dollarise the economy and abolish the central bank. Massa, despite presiding over the inflation as economy minister, ran a disciplined campaign warning of the social cost of Milei's plans, while the centre-right Juntos por el Cambio candidate Patricia Bullrich was squeezed between the two and eliminated in the first round.
In the first round on 22 October, Massa surprised observers by leading with 36.78% to Milei's 29.99%, with Bullrich third on 23.81%, Juan Schiaretti of Hacemos por Nuestro País on 6.73% and Myriam Bregman of the left on 2.70%. In the run-off on 19 November, however, Milei won decisively, 55.65% to 44.35%, as most Bullrich voters swung behind him. Turnout was 77.14% in the first round and 76.32% in the run-off.
Milei took office in December 2023 with a tiny congressional bloc but a sweeping mandate, launching an immediate "shock" programme of fiscal austerity, a sharp devaluation and deregulation. His presidency became defined by a rapid fall in monthly inflation set against a deep recession and rising poverty, and by his combative relationship with a Congress in which his party held only a small minority.
The first-round map was strikingly three-way: Massa led in Buenos Aires Province and the Peronist north, Milei swept much of the interior and Patagonia, and Bullrich won only the City of Buenos Aires, while Schiaretti carried his native Córdoba. In the run-off Milei broke through almost everywhere, carrying around twenty of the 24 districts — including Córdoba by a huge margin — and leaving Massa with only a handful of Peronist strongholds such as Buenos Aires Province, Formosa, Santiago del Estero and Tucumán.
Official results from Argentina's Cámara Nacional Electoral / Dirección Nacional Electoral (resultados.gob.ar). Vote shares are of valid votes; the maps are coloured by the leading ticket in each province, with the full breakdown on click.
Compiled and reviewed by Bartłomiej Paruzel, Election Data Analyst, from official results. See our data methodology.